En aquest estudi s\u2019analitzen els usos del tel\u00e8fon m\u00f2bil m\u00e9s comuns entre adolescents i joves, aix\u00ed com els canvis que la irrupci\u00f3 d\u2019aquesta tecnologia ha produ\u00eft en les formes de relaci\u00f3, tant amb els amics com amb els pares.
El moment en qu\u00e8 la majoria dels menors adquireixen el tel\u00e8fon m\u00f2bil ha quedat fixat al voltant de l\u2019entrada a l\u2019ESO, esdevenint en certa mesura un ritu de pas d\u2019entrada a l\u2019adolesc\u00e8ncia. \u00c9s en aquest instant que els pares cedeixen a la compra del m\u00f2bil perqu\u00e8 els permet tenir permanentment localitzables els seus fills, fent menys traum\u00e0tica l\u2019adquisici\u00f3 d\u2019autonomia pr\u00f2pia de l\u2019adolesc\u00e8ncia. Aix\u00ed, es configura un pacte impl\u00edcit entre pares i fills: els fills se senten m\u00e9s aut\u00f2noms gr\u00e0cies al m\u00f2bil, i els pares se senten m\u00e9s segurs perqu\u00e8 tenen m\u00e9s \u201ccontrolats\u201d els fills. L\u2019adquisici\u00f3 del m\u00f2bil, en relaci\u00f3 a l\u2019autonomia, esdev\u00e9 paradoxal: la tinen\u00e7a del m\u00f2bil accelera el proc\u00e9s d\u2019adquisici\u00f3 d\u2019autonomia per part dels adolescents, per\u00f2 alhora en limita el llindar m\u00e0xim d\u2019autonomia al qual poden aspirar, ja que passen a estar permanent connectats als pares. Aquest estar connectat de forma permanent, ja sigui amb els pares, ja sigui amb els amics, actua com una mena de sis\u00e8 sentit que ens mant\u00e9 permanentment pendents d\u2019un entramat comunicatiu que es canalitza a trav\u00e9s del tel\u00e8fon m\u00f2bil. Aquesta necessitat d\u2019estar connectats fa que els nois i noies pr\u00e0cticament no desconnectin el tel\u00e8fon m\u00f2bil en cap instant del dia, ni a casa ni a l\u2019escola. El fet que els adolescents tinguin poca capacitat de despesa deixa en segon pla les trucades, situant-se com a preeminents l\u2019\u00fas dels missatges de text (SMS) i les trucades perdudes. En aquesta etapa el m\u00f2bil serveix m\u00e9s per recrear cont\u00ednuament els vincles relacionals amb els amics que no pas per comunicar-s\u2019hi.
Amb el pas de l\u2019adolesc\u00e8ncia a la joventut el context social de refer\u00e8ncia canvia. El grup d\u2019amics es fidelitza, el temps de lleure s\u2019ocupa menys a la llar, i a nivell econ\u00f2mic els joves disposen de major capacitat de consum. Aix\u00ed les coses, el m\u00f2bil pren rellev\u00e0ncia com a dispositiu comunicatiu. Es fa servir m\u00e9s per trucar i pren entitat com a producte de primera necessitat; tant per estar informat dels moviments del grup d\u2019amics en els temps i espais de lleure, com per estar localitzable en cas de reclam per part dels companys, at\u00e8s que el m\u00f2bil incrementa el nivell d\u2019improvisaci\u00f3 en la gesti\u00f3 de les trobades.
En definitiva, el m\u00f2bil redimensiona les relacions. Refor\u00e7a les obligacions comunicatives i relacionals dins del grup proper, per\u00f2 en canvi permet prendre dist\u00e0ncia respecte les relacions m\u00e9s an\u00f2nimes. El m\u00f2bil permet fer front de manera distanciada, sense exposar-nos emocionalment o evitant convencions socials inc\u00f2modes, a les relacions amb les persones que no formen part del nostre entorn \u00edntim. Alhora, fa m\u00e9s presents les obligacions comunicatives, el mantenir-se connectat amb aquest entorn m\u00e9s proper. Ras i curt: el m\u00f2bil fa m\u00e9s lights les relacions socials pesades, i m\u00e9s pesades les relacions \u00edntimes. En certa mesura, per tant, m\u00e9s que afavorir una societat xarxa de comunicacions, afavoreix una societat n\u00ednxol, replegada sobre ella mateixa i els espais \u00edntims on ens refugiem<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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